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eCourse
- Biographies
- Introduction
- A A Milne
- Swami Abhayananda
- A R Ammons
- Abbot Amakuki
- Abraham Maslow
- Adam Smith
- Al Alawi
- Al-Harraq
- Alan Watts
- Albert Camus
- Albertus Magnus
- Al Bistami
- Aldous Huxley
- Al Ghazzali
- Anandamayi
- Angela Of Foligno
- Angelus Silesius
- Apollonius Of Tyana
- Aristotle
- Ashtavakra Gita
- Asvaghosa
- Attar
- Augustine Baker
- Avadhut Gita
- Bankei
- Berdyaev
- Bhagavad Gita
- Blake
- Blosius
- Blue Cliff Record
- Boethius
- Bonhoeffer
- Brihadaranyaka
- Buddha
- Chandogya
- Chang Chen Chi
- Chao Chou Tsung Shen
- Charles Dickens
- Charles Morgan
- Chuang Tzu
- Cicero
- Colin Turnbull
- Conan Doyle
- D.H.Lawrence
- D.T.Suzuki
- Dadu
- Daito Kokushi
- Dante
- De Adhaerendo Deo
- Descartes
- Devikalottara
- Dhammapada
- Dhiravamsa
- Diamond Sutra
- Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche
- Dionysius Areopagite
- Dogen
- Dom Chapman
- Dr.Hans Selye
- Eckhart
- Einstein
- Emerson
- Emily Dickinson
- Epictetus
- Erich Fromm
- Erigena
- Ernst Mach
- Eugen Herrigel
- Exodus
- F.H.Bradley
- Father Williams
- Fenelon
- Fo Yen
- Francis Bacon
- Francis Howgill
- Freud
- Galen
- Gampopa
- Gandhi
- Gandavyuha Sutra
- G B Shaw
- Genro
- George Macdonald
- Gerard Manley Hopkins
- Gospel Of John
- Gospel Of Truth
- H.H.Price
- Hadewijch
- Hafiz
- Hakim Jamal
- Hakuin
- Hakuun Yasutani
- Hans Denk
- Heidegger
- Heraclitus
- Hermann Hesse
- Hildegard
- Hongzhi
- Hora
- Hsin Hsin Ming
- Hsu Yun
- Huang Po
- Hubert Benoit
- Hugh Of St Victor
- Hui Hai
- Hui Ming Ching
- Huineng
- Ibn Arabi
- Isha Upanishad
- J.C.Powys
- J.J.Olier
- J.Maritain
- J.P.De Caussade
- Jacob Bohme
- James Thomson
- Jean Nicholas Grou
- J Krishnamurti
- Joel Goldsmith
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
- John Everard
- John Keats
- John Updike
- John Smith Platonist
- John Woolman
- Jose Ortega
- Julian Of Norwich
- Kabir
- Kaivalya
- Katha Upanishad
- Kierkegaard
- Kipling
- Krishna Menon
- Abraham Kook
- Kotzker Rebbe
- Lalla
- Lao Tzu
- Laurens Van Der Post
- Leo Tolstoy
- Lewis Carrol
- Lin Chi
- Lotze
- Lucretius
- M.C.Richards
- Madame Guyon
- Malaval
- Mandukya Upanishad
- Marcus Aurelius
- Margaret Mead
- Marguerite Porete
- Marguerite Yourcenar
- Marie De L'incarnation
- Martin Israel
- Max Planck
- Menachem Mendel Schneerson
- Mechthild Magdeburg
- Michael Mayne
- Milan Kundera
- Molinos
- Nicholas Of Cusa
- Nietzsche
- Nisargadatta
- Padmasambhava
- Pai Chang
- Pali Canon
- Panchadasi
- Papaji
- Pascal
- Patanjali
- Peter Matthiessen
- Peter Sterry
- P G Wodehouse
- Philo
- Plato
- Plotinus
- R.D.Laing
- Rabbi Bunam
- Rabbi Hahman
- Ramakrishna
- Ramana Maharshi
- Ram Dass
- Ramesh Balsekar
- Rilke
- Robert Frost
- Rumi
- Ruysbroeck
- Samuel Johnson
- Sara Banerji
- Sartre
- Secret Of Golden Flower
- Seng T'san
- Seung Sahn
- Shakespeare
- Shankara
- Shelley
- Shen Hui
- Shido Bunan Zenji
- Shih T'ou
- Simone Weil
- Sir Thomas Browne
- Socrates
- St.Athanasius
- St.Augustine
- St.Basil
- St.Bernard
- St. Bonaventure
- St.Catherine Of Genoa
- St.Catherine Of Siena
- St.Francis De Sales
- St.John Of The Cross
- St.John The Divine
- St.Paul
- Stephen Levine
- Surangama Sutra
- Suso
- Svetasvatara Upanishad
- Symeon-New Theologian
- T.H.Huxley
- T.S.Eliot
- Tai Hui
- Tauler
- Teilhard de Chardin
- Tennyson
- Tenzin Palmo
- Teresa Of Avila
- Te Shan
- The Cloud Of Unknowing
- The Gospel Of Thomas
- The Iron Flute
- Theologia Germanica
- Thomas A Kempis
- Thomas Aquinas
- Tozan Ryokai
- Traherne
- Treatise On Resurrection
- Vasishta
- Virginia Woolf
- Vivekananda
- Vladimir Solovyov
- W.B.Yeats
- Walter Hilton
- Walt Whitman
- William Law
- William Of Ockham
- William Of St.Thierry
- William Penn
- Wittgenstein
- Woodrow Wilson
- Wumen
- Yang-shan Hui-ch
- Yuan Wu
- Yung Chia Hsuan Chueh
- Zazengi
Biographies
- Introduction
- A A Milne
- Swami Abhayananda
- A R Ammons
- Abbot Amakuki
- Abraham Maslow
- Adam Smith
- Al Alawi
- Al-Harraq
- Alan Watts
- Albert Camus
- Albertus Magnus
- Al Bistami
- Aldous Huxley
- Al Ghazzali
- Anandamayi
- Angela Of Foligno
- Angelus Silesius
- Apollonius Of Tyana
- Aristotle
- Ashtavakra Gita
- Asvaghosa
- Attar
- Augustine Baker
- Avadhut Gita
- Bankei
- Berdyaev
- Bhagavad Gita
- Blake
- Blosius
- Blue Cliff Record
- Boethius
- Bonhoeffer
- Brihadaranyaka
- Buddha
- Chandogya
- Chang Chen Chi
- Chao Chou Tsung Shen
- Charles Dickens
- Charles Morgan
- Chuang Tzu
- Cicero
- Colin Turnbull
- Conan Doyle
- D.H.Lawrence
- D.T.Suzuki
- Dadu
- Daito Kokushi
- Dante
- De Adhaerendo Deo
- Descartes
- Devikalottara
- Dhammapada
- Dhiravamsa
- Diamond Sutra
- Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche
- Dionysius Areopagite
- Dogen
- Dom Chapman
- Dr.Hans Selye
- Eckhart
- Einstein
- Emerson
- Emily Dickinson
- Epictetus
- Erich Fromm
- Erigena
- Ernst Mach
- Eugen Herrigel
- Exodus
- F.H.Bradley
- Father Williams
- Fenelon
- Fo Yen
- Francis Bacon
- Francis Howgill
- Freud
- Galen
- Gampopa
- Gandhi
- Gandavyuha Sutra
- G B Shaw
- Genro
- George Macdonald
- Gerard Manley Hopkins
- Gospel Of John
- Gospel Of Truth
- H.H.Price
- Hadewijch
- Hafiz
- Hakim Jamal
- Hakuin
- Hakuun Yasutani
- Hans Denk
- Heidegger
- Heraclitus
- Hermann Hesse
- Hildegard
- Hongzhi
- Hora
- Hsin Hsin Ming
- Hsu Yun
- Huang Po
- Hubert Benoit
- Hugh Of St Victor
- Hui Hai
- Hui Ming Ching
- Huineng
- Ibn Arabi
- Isha Upanishad
- J.C.Powys
- J.J.Olier
- J.Maritain
- J.P.De Caussade
- Jacob Bohme
- James Thomson
- Jean Nicholas Grou
- J Krishnamurti
- Joel Goldsmith
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
- John Everard
- John Keats
- John Updike
- John Smith Platonist
- John Woolman
- Jose Ortega
- Julian Of Norwich
- Kabir
- Kaivalya
- Katha Upanishad
- Kierkegaard
- Kipling
- Krishna Menon
- Abraham Kook
- Kotzker Rebbe
- Lalla
- Lao Tzu
- Laurens Van Der Post
- Leo Tolstoy
- Lewis Carrol
- Lin Chi
- Lotze
- Lucretius
- M.C.Richards
- Madame Guyon
- Malaval
- Mandukya Upanishad
- Marcus Aurelius
- Margaret Mead
- Marguerite Porete
- Marguerite Yourcenar
- Marie De L'incarnation
- Martin Israel
- Max Planck
- Menachem Mendel Schneerson
- Mechthild Magdeburg
- Michael Mayne
- Milan Kundera
- Molinos
- Nicholas Of Cusa
- Nietzsche
- Nisargadatta
- Padmasambhava
- Pai Chang
- Pali Canon
- Panchadasi
- Papaji
- Pascal
- Patanjali
- Peter Matthiessen
- Peter Sterry
- P G Wodehouse
- Philo
- Plato
- Plotinus
- R.D.Laing
- Rabbi Bunam
- Rabbi Hahman
- Ramakrishna
- Ramana Maharshi
- Ram Dass
- Ramesh Balsekar
- Rilke
- Robert Frost
- Rumi
- Ruysbroeck
- Samuel Johnson
- Sara Banerji
- Sartre
- Secret Of Golden Flower
- Seng T'san
- Seung Sahn
- Shakespeare
- Shankara
- Shelley
- Shen Hui
- Shido Bunan Zenji
- Shih T'ou
- Simone Weil
- Sir Thomas Browne
- Socrates
- St.Athanasius
- St.Augustine
- St.Basil
- St.Bernard
- St. Bonaventure
- St.Catherine Of Genoa
- St.Catherine Of Siena
- St.Francis De Sales
- St.John Of The Cross
- St.John The Divine
- St.Paul
- Stephen Levine
- Surangama Sutra
- Suso
- Svetasvatara Upanishad
- Symeon-New Theologian
- T.H.Huxley
- T.S.Eliot
- Tai Hui
- Tauler
- Teilhard de Chardin
- Tennyson
- Tenzin Palmo
- Teresa Of Avila
- Te Shan
- The Cloud Of Unknowing
- The Gospel Of Thomas
- The Iron Flute
- Theologia Germanica
- Thomas A Kempis
- Thomas Aquinas
- Tozan Ryokai
- Traherne
- Treatise On Resurrection
- Vasishta
- Virginia Woolf
- Vivekananda
- Vladimir Solovyov
- W.B.Yeats
- Walter Hilton
- Walt Whitman
- William Law
- William Of Ockham
- William Of St.Thierry
- William Penn
- Wittgenstein
- Woodrow Wilson
- Wumen
- Yang-shan Hui-ch
- Yuan Wu
- Yung Chia Hsuan Chueh
- Zazengi
Cicero (106 BC–43 BC)
Cicero was an orator and statesman of Ancient Rome, and is generally considered the greatest Latin orator and prose stylist. His life coincided with the decline and fall of the Roman Republic. He was instrumental in exposing the Cataline conspiracy to take over the Roman state by force, ordering the conspirators to be executed without trial. Subsequently this order, under the Triumvirate, led to attacks on Cicero by his enemies and the confiscation of all his property. He was forced to flee Italy. During this period he turned to writing philosophy. After eighteen months the political landscape changed and he was allowed to return to Rome, and over the next eight years he continued his philosophical studies – he was banned from politics. The Triumvirate collapsed and in 48 BC, having defeated Pompey, Caesar became the first Roman Emperor.In 44 BC on the Ides of March Caesar was murdered by a group of senators. Cicero witnessed the murder but was not complicit with the conspirators. During the following power struggle Cicero made to the Senate a series of speeches known as the Philippics. This is considered Cicero’s finest hour as a politician. However, in the following struggle for power Mark Anthony, one of the contestants, had Cicero placed on his list for those he wished murdered – Cicero had criticized Mark Anthony in the Philippics. Cicero was killed in 43 BC whilst attempting to flee Italy.
See:
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Wikipedia
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